Lead was prevalent in paint until 1978. As such, the odds are good that most of us have lead-based paint in our homes, even if it is buried beneath layers of non-lead containing paint or wall coverings. The good news is that you need not be too concerned unless the paint is in disrepair (e.g. cracking and peeling) or you plan to disrupt it in some manner (e.g. repaint or remodel).
It has long been known that exposure to lead is associated with learning disabilities in children. The recent rash of recalls of toys and jewelry containing excessive amounts of lead has served as a good reminder of the need to be vigilant in protecting our children from lead exposure. Lead paint becomes a problem when a child can ingest or suck on a paint chip or when lead dust becomes airborne. So, the solution is to keep your paint in good repair and to use proper precautions whenever lead paint is to be disturbed.
On March 31, 2008, the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), issued a rule requiring the use of “lead safe practices” whenever lead paint is disturbed in homes, child care facilities and schools. Beginning in April 2010, contractors are required to be certified and must follow specific practices to prevent lead contamination.
The newly required practices consist of containing the work area, minimizing dust and cleaning up thoroughly. This new requirement applies to all but the smallest of projects (i.e. outside when less than 20 sq. ft. or inside when less than 6 sq. ft. of lead-based paint is disturbed). By this definition, window replacement projects are required to comply. Although the law does not take effect until next year, it is obviously in our children’s best interest to apply the practices in any upcoming projects.
Contain the Work Area: Use plastic sheeting to cover all surfaces, keep doors windows and vents closed, and minimize foot traffic in the area.
Minimize Dust: Mist areas with water before sanding or scraping and use a shroud with a HEPA vacuum attachment when using power tools.
Clean-up Thoroughly: Mist the sheeting surfaces with water, fold them inward and dispose of in sealed plastic bags. HEPA vacuum and wash all work surfaces. Wash up and place work clothes in plastic bags or directly into the washing machine.
Although these steps add complexity to home improvement projects, they are very important to maintain the health and safety of our families. For more information, resources and tips, visit the EPA’s website at www.epa.gov/lead.